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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix B. Packaging Tools</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1" /><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Debian Python Policy" /><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Debian Python Policy" /><link rel="prev" href="build_dependencies.html" title="Appendix A. Build Dependencies" /><link rel="next" href="upgrade.html" title="Appendix C. Upgrade Procedure" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix B. Packaging Tools</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="build_dependencies.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upgrade.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="packaging_tools"></a>Appendix B. Packaging Tools</h1></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#distutils">B.1. distutils</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#setuptools">B.2. setuptools</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#dh-python">B.3. <code class="literal">dh-python</code></a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#pybuild">B.4. pybuild</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#cdbs">B.5. CDBS</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#pysupport">B.6. <code class="literal">python-support</code> (removed)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="packaging_tools.html#pycentral">B.7. <code class="literal">python-central</code> (removed)</a></span></dt></dl></div><p> This section describes the various tools to help package Python programs and modules for Debian. Although none of these tools are mandatory, their use is strongly encouraged, as the above policy has been designed with them in mind (and vice versa). This appendix is just an overview. If you use these tools, you should read their full documentation. </p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="distutils"></a>B.1. distutils</h2></div></div></div><p> The standard Python <code class="literal">distutils</code> module has been modified in Debian to change the default installation directory of public Python modules and to add a new flag to the <code class="literal">install</code> command to override the default, <code class="literal">--install-layout=</code>. </p><p> Public Python modules installed with a modified distutils default to <code class="filename">/usr/local/lib/python<em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em>.<em class="replaceable"><code>Y</code></em>/dist-packages</code> for Python 2.6 and later. This directory is seen by the system-provided Python 2.6. </p><p> When using a local Python installation, the default is <code class="filename">/usr/local/lib/python<em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em>.<em class="replaceable"><code>Y</code></em>/site-packages</code> which is only seen by the local Python installation. </p><p> Using the <code class="literal">--install-layout=deb</code> flag to the <code class="literal">install</code> command of <code class="filename">setup.py</code> with a system-provided Python 2.6 or later versions, Python modules will be installed to <code class="filename">/usr/lib/python<em class="replaceable"><code>X</code></em>.<em class="replaceable"><code>Y</code></em>/dist-packages</code> which is only seen by the system-provided Python, not by a local installation. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="setuptools"></a>B.2. setuptools</h2></div></div></div><p> The related Python <code class="literal">setuptools</code> module has been modified in Debian along the same lines as <code class="literal">distutils</code>. </p><p> Upstream focus on developments and improvements for Python packaging tools has largely shifted away from <code class="literal">distutils</code> and to <code class="literal">setuptools</code>. They offer a similar API and at some point in the future, <code class="literal">setuptools</code> may fully replace <code class="literal">distutils</code> in Debian package builds. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="dh-python"></a>B.3. <code class="literal">dh-python</code></h2></div></div></div><p> <code class="literal">dh-python</code> provides extensions for <code class="literal">debhelper</code> to make it easier to package Python modules and extensions. They calculate Python dependencies, add maintainer scripts to byte compile files, etc. Their use is not mandatory, but they are recommended by the Debian Python maintainers. </p><p> See <code class="literal">man dh_python3</code> for details. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="pybuild"></a>B.4. pybuild</h2></div></div></div><p> Pybuild is a Debian Python specific build system that invokes various build systems for requested Python versions in order to build modules and extensions. It supports automatically building for multiple Python versions. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="cdbs"></a>B.5. CDBS</h2></div></div></div><p> The CDBS <code class="filename">python-distutils.mk</code> class helps packaging of distutils based Python packages. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="pysupport"></a>B.6. <code class="literal">python-support</code> (removed)</h2></div></div></div><p> <code class="literal">python-support</code> provided another way to manage Python modules. It has been removed from Debian Stretch and later releases. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="pycentral"></a>B.7. <code class="literal">python-central</code> (removed)</h2></div></div></div><p> <code class="literal">python-central</code> provided another way to manage Python modules. It has been removed from Debian Jessie and later releases. </p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="build_dependencies.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="upgrade.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix A. Build Dependencies </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Appendix C. Upgrade Procedure</td></tr></table></div></body></html>